The Clinical Characteristics of Eyelid Tumors: A Three-Year Retrospective Study at A Tertiary Eye Hospital

OBJECTIVES: Eyelid tumors are neoplasms commonly diagnosed in routine ophthalmology practices. Some malignant tumors may mimic benign lesions and inflammatory conditions, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of eyelid tumors at a tertiary eye hospital by analyzing retrospective data from a 3-year observational study.
METHODS: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out on 1295 patients diagnosed with eyelid tumors between January 2022 and December 2024. All patients with eyelid tumors who underwent histopathological examination were included. Eyelid tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and histopathological characteristics were collected.
RESULTS: The study comprised 837 (65%) female patients and 458 (35%) male patients. A total of 922 benign lesions (71%) and 373 malignant neoplasms (29%) were identified. Among the benign lesions, the most prevalent types were nevus (26%), epidermoid cyst (15%), and dermoid cyst (12%). The most common malignant neoplasms were basal cell car-cinoma (35%), sebaceous gland carcinoma (25%), and malignant lymphoma (19%). Most benign lesions were managed with excision and direct closure of the eyelid defect (47%), and malignant neoplasms were excised with reconstruction (57%).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study found majority of eyelid tumors were benign, with a higher number of female patients compared to males. Intradermal nevus was the most common benign eyelid lesion, while basal cell carcinoma was the most prevalent malignant neoplasm. The surgical technique of eyelid tumor excision followed by histopathological examination can provide excellent cosmetic and functional results.

Keywords: Benign lesion, eyelid tumor, malignant neoplasm